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Tuesday, September 23, 2008

Fourth Baptist Church Struck by Devastating Fire

This post is a frustrating and sad one to write, even though its eventuality has crossed my mind before. Living across the street from the church, I have felt deep sorrow and needed time to grieve before writing about this weekend's tragedy.

On Saturday morning at around 9:45 a.m., a large fire erupted at the vacant Fourth Baptist Church at the northwest corner of 13th and Sullivan avenues in Old North St. Louis. After several hours, firefighters extinguished a fire that left the three buildings of the complex in various states of instability, a small congregation with a huge difficulty and a neighborhood that has enjoyed much progress and positive publicity with a stern reminder of the reality of urban abandonment. The congregation moved out in 2002 after a boiler break-down, and has not been able to find funds to repair the building and return. Nor has a buyer been found for the church complex, which needed extensive rehabilitation. Now Fourth Baptist joins plentiful ranks of the near north side's many handsome institutional buildings wrecked by fire and severe weather.

No one yet knows the fire's cause, which is under investigation. Although the church has been unsecured in recent months (see "How Now to Board Up a Broken Window," February 27, 2008), Fourth Baptist had been tightly boarded for the last six months. Usual points of entrance in the rear seemed secure after the fire was over. Still, neighborhood speculation fingers ever-present metal thieves working with torches or other spark-creating devices, arsonists looking for kicks and brick thieves looking to get a new project underway. Another possible cause is the electrical service, which may or may not have still been live on Saturday. (The service was active as recently as winter 2007.)

As with other landmarks left similarly crippled, cause is not as important as result. Fourth Baptist's condition had been stable; there were small roof failure points and minor masonry issues, but overall the buildings comprising the church complex -- four in number -- were intact and clearly ready for renovation. The fire leaves behind an uncertain structural condition yet to be formally assessed. Some damage is obvious: the roof structure of the sanctuary is damaged badly at the crest, and the interior wood structure seems severely compromised; the "annex" (actually an older sanctuary later expanded) had half of its front elevation knocked off by firefighters' aggressive hose work; there is a hole in the old house at 1309 Sullivan Avenue connected to the church. However, much stability is obvious, too.

The city is poised to issue an emergency demolition order, which Fourth Baptist pastor Richard Taylor vows to fight. The condition of the three buildings absolutely does not warrant demolition of the entire complex, as examination of the individual parts makes clear.

Sanctuary

The sanctuary, completed in 1924 in a modern Greek Revival style, is one of the starkest and most urban churches in north city. The dark machine-raked brick walls are placed right at the sidewalk line, with simple white terra cotta pilasters and spandrels providing ornament. The congregation made the best use of a constrained site, building the whole plot out to connect with an adjacent house and their earlier building. This is anathema to today's climate, where city churches build mega-plexes with pristine green lawns and plenty of parking.

The fire hit the sanctuary the hardest of the buildings, although its robust masonry walls were scarcely scratched. Alas, the sanctuary seems to have been fully gutted by the fire, with wooden joists and floorboards scorched beyond salvage in many places. Given the age of the building, it's possible that steel beams were used across the floor joists. Even the ornamental soffit running along Sullivan Avenue was not completely destroyed. What is most troubling is that the roof suffered intense heat, and most of its shingles burned away or fell off. The exposed decking shows sections near the crest that are gone, other areas that are severely burned, and some sections that are intact. The trusses on the western end are failing, but those on the eastern half seem solid.

The sanctuary's walls are in no danger of collapse. The 2004 theft and return of the church's stained glass windows led to their storage elsewhere, so all but one that remained are intact. One possibility for the sanctuary is swift repair of the roof and boarding of all openings; such mothballing could buy time. Another option is removal of all wooden structural elements and bracing of the masonry walls, but that only makes sense of permanent stabilization would come in the near future.

Annex

The "annex" north of the sanctuary on 13th street is actually an earlier sanctuary. Fourth Baptist had its start in 1859 on the site now occupied by Grace Hill's campus. In 1892, the church hired architects Matthews, Clarke and James to design a one-story front-gabled church at this site. That building, became the first story of the present annex. In 1937, after completing the new sanctuary, the congregation raised this building up one story and combined the sections with an orange-brick Georgian Revival front elevation. Through the windows of the first floor, one can see the original front wall of the church. The structure served as the Sunday school and church office, among other things.

The annex suffered the worst damage of the church buildings, but not necessarily due to the fire. The fire damaged the roof structure and second floor, but did not cause the second floor wall to collapse outward. While the roof fire ate away the wall's connection to the roof, the pressurized spray of fire hoses after the fire was largely extinguished caused the wall to fall outward into the street.

Unfortunately, that damage may lead to the sure loss of this section. Without a plan for rebuilding the front section, or some temporary shoring, weather and wind will cause further failure of this building. Neighbors have banded together to remove and safely store bricks piled at the base of the building, in case rebuilding will ever begin.

1309 Sullivan Avenue
This modest brick house with dentillated cornice and side mousehole is shown on Compton and Dry's 1875 Pictorial St. Louis; construction could date to the late 1850's. The church acquired the house while building the sanctuary, and connected it internally for use as a parsonage. In 1952, the church built a long two-story addition at rear to house more classrooms and a basement kitchen. That steel-framed section was not significantly damaged by the fire, although it is the only section considered noncontributing to the Murphy-Blair Historic District. The house seems to have escaped extensive fire damage, although again pressurized spray damaged the masonry on the front elevation, precipitating additional brick loss and weather infiltration.

Summary

Immediately following the fire, the church complex was boarded back up. However, an immediate need for stabilization and roof repair would prolong the period for careful decision-making. The annex requires an immediate plan for masonry reconstruction and roof repair if it is to survive the coming year. The house at 1309 Sullivan, meanwhile, would survive indefinitely with immediate masonry repair of the front elevation, secured openings and a new roof. The sanctuary's walls should be braced immediately.

The Old North St. Louis Restoration Group is still working to complete stabilization and repair of the Mullanphy Emigrant Home, and is an unlikely party to take on ownership of the church. Now seems to be the time for the region's Baptist churches to rally around Fourth Baptist and help raise the funds needed to stabilize their beleaguered home. Fourth Baptist's active membership is probably less than 20, and its financial ability not in the league needed to face this challenge. Still, the story of Fourth Baptist's buildings should not end with total destruction. At the very least, whatever can be saved should be saved for the future of a neighborhood Fourth Baptist has called home for nearly 150 years.

15 comments:

Chris said...

What a difficult situation. They know who Paul McKee is, and know not to sell the church to him, right?

Anonymous said...

Why bring up Paul McKee? 4th Baptists has been sitting on these vacant buildings for years with no real way to maintain them.

Supposedly the church was "for sale", but church management would never state the asking price. Any serious prospects would figure the church really wasn't for sale, so they walk away.

Now this. I guess that price just dropped, huh? Like to zero?

What about insurance? Got any? Will the proceeds go to repair the buildings or into the church's bank account?

Michael Allen raises an excellent point about Baptists across St. Louis pitching in with big bucks to stabilize and rebuild the historic trio of buildings.

They'll have to raise easily $100,000, maybe alot more, just to stabilize these buildings.

Anonymous said...

Like a kick in the gut.

Chris said...

I wouldn't hold my breath waiting for Baptists from across St. Louis to come to 4th Baptist's aid. If past history is any guide, it will pass largely unnoticed.

Holy Ghost Lutheran, a 100+ old congregation in Southwest St. Louis, recently closed a year or two ago with little fanfare or attempts by the larger Lutheran community to save it.

I bring up Paul McKee because he has a nasty habit of buying historic properties from distressed sellers and then destroying them through neglect. Look at the Clemens Mansion after all.

Anonymous said...

The church and other buildings have undoubtedly met their demise thanks to the fire. Between current economic conditions and location of the subject property, I highly doubt we'll see someone willing or able to invest the funds necessary to even stabilize the complex, much less rehab it.

I'm not advocating demolition by any means. I wish we could save every historic building in the city. I'm just being realistic.

Anonymous said...

Saturday was a sad day. Nobody wanted this to happen--certainly not church members or its pastors--but this is what happens to abandoned buildings over which no-one is able or willing to take responsibility. I leave it to others to debate/suggest/insinuate that church leaders--to the extent this extended beyond one overworked couple--could have done more. I never heard of a credible offer for it. In my heart, I hope some resolution can be found to save the building, but my head says it probably won't happen and that, as one smart person said over the weekend, the best of the church--ie. the hundreds of people who the church sustained for over 150 years--left the building years ago.

Anonymous said...

To sell something, you have to price it.

Oh yeah, I forgot, "everything's for sale, at the right price"...whatever.

What's the price now?

Anonymous said...

Free.

Anonymous said...

That would be a buck cheaper than an LRA building.

Going back to the earlier comment about "no credible offer" being made on the church, that is a very telling comment.

Not credible according to whom? Based on what?

That's a non-statement folks.

Put a price on something, a credible, reasonable price, and then see if you get a "credible offer".

Blaming the market for not responding to a vague opportunity is shifting responsibility for the failure to generate a sale.

The church was never for sale. And if it was, can someone please tell us what they were asking for it?

Obviously, sadly, this is all water way under the bridge.

The situation is differnt now. The building is at risk to becoming a total loss.

Perhaps this case should be used to apply pressure to Paul McKee and his ownership of the CLemens house.

That's supposedly for sale too. Anyone know for how much???

Anonymous said...

^look, i may be completely stupid, but it has been obvious for a long time that saving this building was going to take a somewhat more determined approach than just waiting for the owner to put a for-sale sign at the front door. it takes the sort of real estate activism that is being demonstrated on the 14th street mall or hopefully will be demonstrated on the mullanphy building.

just my nickel..

Anonymous said...

We don't know the church's situation. They may have a lot of debt against the property - more than it's worth.

So a "credible offer" might have meant one that cleared the debt and netted the church some decent proceeds.

None of that matters now. Will insurance help? Who knows? This is a REAL loss for the neighborhood.

Bad buildings are at risk of loss in Old North. These were some of the better ones. Sad. Very sad.

Chris said...

What's that old saying? If you truly love something, set it free?

John Daly said...

I often run by the 4th on my lunch breaks and I always thought how awesome it would be to see the 4th once again take a leading role in the community. To proclaim the Biblical Gospel and put it into action by sacrificially serving those in need.

I appreciate Chris not holding his breath while waiting for St. Louis Baptist’s to act because he would have no doubt turned blue rather quickly. This is one St. Louis Baptist however, who wanted to, well…“resurrect,” the structure.

Here was my plan, and I only share this so you can see that there are Christians in St. Louis who—while extremely flawed individuals—do desire to serve their Savior. The Missouri Baptist Convention (MBC) is meeting at the Millennium Hotel next month. The plan was to set up a display table highlighting the church’s history, the exciting renovation going on in Old North, and how Missouri Baptist’s could be part of something exciting in helping to renovate the structure. After each day’s business had concluded at the convention, I was going to offer tours of the church and neighborhood to interested parties with the hopes of getting folks interested to partner financially in the rehab. No government, no agencies, just Christians helping Christians.

I guess no one else shared my vision as all my requests were met by silence. I feel burdened for the spiritual state of Old North and remain hopeful that there will still be opportunities to serve God by serving people.

Anonymous said...

NativeVermonter-

Are you saying you made inquiries with Baptist "management", and your inquiries fell on deaf ears?

Liquid Roof Coatings said...

Well its a very very difficult situation. I am very curious about you that how 'll you manage it. Its totally mind blowing situation.